ABSTRACT
O estudo objetivou investigar os modos de atuação e as características do trabalho de intervenção com adultos jovens em situação de rua e usuários de substâncias psicoativas, segundo percepções de profissionais do Consultório na Rua (CR) do município de Goiânia (GO) e de pessoas atendidas pelo mesmo. Os participantes foram nove profissionais de diferentes categorias com idades entre 24 e 64 anos e quatro usuários beneficiários do CR com idades entre 23 e 37 anos. A metodologia foi qualitativa com aplicação de roteiros semiestruturados de entrevista e realização de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados, a partir dos relatos dos profissionais, configuraram eixos temáticos, tais como: atuação profissional no CR; aspectos facilitadores e dificultadores e apoio necessário para o trabalho. Para os usuários, os eixos foram: primeiro contato com a equipe; atuação dos profissionais do CR e o mais interessante nesse trabalho. Observou-se consonância entre as percepções e predomínio de aspectos positivos nos relatos dos profissionais e dos usuários acerca da atuação do CR, caracterizada por acolhimento, escuta e vínculo. Quanto às dificuldades, foram citados: preconceito e falta de aceitação do usuário pela sociedade civil; atuação agressiva da Polícia Militar e da Guarda Municipal e falta de insumos para o trabalho. O estudo indicou que os modos de atuação do CR vão ao encontro daqueles preconizados nas políticas públicas de álcool e outras drogas do país, pautados no respeito aos direitos humanos, ampliação do acesso a ações e serviços e redução de danos à saúde da população usuária em situação de rua.
The present study aimed at investigating professional practices and characteristics of intervention with young adults living in the streets who make use of psychoactive substances (PAS), according to perceptions of Street Outreach Office (SOO) professionals in the city of Goiânia and of people served by the SOO. Participants were nine different categories of professionals, aged between 24 and 64 years old, four PAS users aged between 23 and 37 years old, alcohol and crack users. The methodology was of qualitative type with semi-structured interviews and used content analysis. The results based on reports from professionals configured the following theme axes: professional work at the SOO; facilitating aspects; difficulties; support needed for the work. The users themes were: first contact with the team, the work of the SOO professionals, the most interesting thing about this work. There was consistency between the perceptions and positive aspects in the reports from professionals and PAS users about the work of the SOO, characterized by listening, reception and bond. The difficulties cited were: prejudice and lack of acceptance from civil society towards users; aggressive actions by the Military Police and the Municipal Guard; and lack of provisions for the work. The study indicated that the governing principles of the actions of the SOO are in accordance with those recommended by the public policy in the area of alcohol and other drugs in Brazil, based on respect for human rights, expansion of access to actions and services, and harm reduction to the users health.
El estudio tuvo el objetico de investigar los modos de actuación y las características del trabajo de intervención con adultos jóvenes habitantes de la calle y usuarios de sustancias psicoactivas, según percepciones de profesionales del Consultorio en la Calle (CC) del municipio de Goiânia (GO) y de personas atendidas por el CC. Los participantes fueron nueve profesionales de diferentes categorías con edades entre 24 y 64 años, y cuatro usuarios beneficiarios de CC con edades entre 23 y 37 años. Fue utilizada la metodología cualitativa con aplicación de guiones semiestructurados de entrevista y la realización de análisis de contenido. Los resultados, a partir de los relatos de los profesionales, se configuraron en ejes temáticos, tales como: actuación profesional en el CC; aspectos facilitadores y dificultadores; apoyo necesario para el trabajo. Para los usuarios, los ejes fueron: primer contacto con el equipo; actuación de los profesionales del CC; lo más interesante en ese trabajo. Se observó una coherencia entre las percepciones y el predominio de aspectos positivos en los relatos de los profesionales y de los usuarios, respecto a la actuación del CC, caracterizada como acogida, escucha y vínculo. En cuanto a las dificultades, fueron citados: prejuicio y falta de aceptación del usuario por la sociedad civil; acciones agresivas de la Policía Militar y Guardia Municipal; y la falta de insumos para el trabajo. El estudio indicó que los modos de actuación del CC cumplen aquellos preconizados en las políticas públicas de alcohol y otras drogas de Brasil, basados en el respeto a los derechos humanos, ampliación del acceso a acciones y servicios y la reducción de daños a la salud de esta población usuaria.
Subject(s)
Humans , Homeless Youth/classification , Homeless Youth/education , Homeless Youth/history , Homeless Youth/psychology , Health Personnel/education , Health Personnel/psychology , Ill-Housed Persons/classification , Ill-Housed Persons/history , Ill-Housed Persons/psychology , Illicit Drugs/toxicity , Psychology, Clinical/classification , Psychology, Clinical/methods , Psychology, Clinical/trendsABSTRACT
How to best analytically position street children in comparison to others in various social circumstances requires a robust theoretical discussion.The very concept of street children can be contested as essentialized; serving to mask social and behavioral differences; especially those between boys and girls.The limited perspective of the street child as a victim and thereby psychologically vulnerable is also contested. Cases considered here serve to illustrate that all children on the streets share a common experience of social marginality.This is experienced by them as children; as members of the powerless jua kali (hot sun) workers class; and in their isolation from cultural institutions. Some of these children however; especially girls; are vulnerable and clearly victims of harsh social circumstances. A theoretical perspective is put forth to explain a relative social marginality for women; taking into account increased social class differences and changing cultural values since 1900. Girls on the streets are therefore best understood as being at the bottom of a gendered hierarchy in Kenya. Concepts like the street child and the vulnerable child in current use as master labels serve to hide agency reported here even on the margins of Kenya's cultural; social; and gender hierarchy. An ethnographic method is put forth as a useful strategy for discovering strategies for success on the streets. To specifically evaluate gender; follow up research with adults previously described as children (1991) is combined with new material from children in Nairobi and the smaller city of Nyeri in central Kenya. A theoretical perspective from general anthropology is offered as one way to better align studies of children with broader theoretical concerns in anthropology and related disciplines
Subject(s)
Homeless Youth/classification , Homeless Youth/ethnology , Homeless Youth/psychology , Vulnerable PopulationsABSTRACT
Contiene: El menor abandonado , problematica nacional; atencion estatal al menor politicas y perspectivas de la Junta Nacional de Solidaridad y Desarrollo Social; Exposiciones y comentarios; problematica derivada de la atencion institucional; propuesta para una politica de atencion al menor; inventario de Instituciones Estatales y Privadas de atencion al menor, Directorio de Instituciones Estatales y Privadas de atencion al menor; directorio de Instituciones de Proteccion al menor en orden Nacional,Estatal y Privadas; otras Instituciones cuyos programas contribuyen a familia y menor
Subject(s)
Homeless Youth/classification , Homeless Youth/education , Homeless Youth/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
Contiene: El menor abandonado , problematica nacional; atencion estatal al menor politicas y perspectivas de la Junta Nacional de Solidaridad y Desarrollo Social; Exposiciones y comentarios; problematica derivada de la atencion institucional; propuesta para una politica de atencion al menor; inventario de Instituciones Estatales y Privadas de atencion al menor, Directorio de Instituciones Estatales y Privadas de atencion al menor; directorio de Instituciones de Proteccion al menor en orden Nacional,Estatal y Privadas; otras Instituciones cuyos programas contribuyen a familia y menor